Rewind: 2014 - 13th-14th May Back to Back Springsteen Shows

Listen to Full Show Here.

DON'T CHANGE / MY LOVE WILL NOT LET YOU DOWN / NO SURRENDER / THIS IS YOUR SWORD / BADLANDS / DEATH TO MY HOMETOWN / HIGH HOPES / TREAT HER RIGHT / SOMETHING IN THE NIGHT / SAVE THE LAST DANCE FOR ME / BETTER DAYS / SEASIDE BAR SONG / MARY'S PLACE / STAYIN' ALIVE / KINGDOM OF DAYS / SHACKLED AND DRAWN / THE GHOST OF TOM JOAD / THE RISING / LIGHT OF DAY / THE WALL / BORN IN THE U.S.A. / BORN TO RUN / DANCING IN THE DARK / TENTH AVENUE FREEZE-OUT / RAMROD / SHOUT / THUNDER ROAD

The INXS song 'Don't Change' was first played in February 2014 at Sydney, Australia. 'Kingdom of Days' was acoustic and performed solo.

 

Listen to Full Show Here.

CLAMPDOWN / BADLANDS / WRECKING BALL / HUNGRY HEART / CANDY'S ROOM / ROULETTE / DEATH TO MY HOMETOWN / HIGH HOPES / BE TRUE / THE E STREET SHUFFLE / LOST IN THE FLOOD / FOR YOU / PROVE IT ALL NIGHT / THE PROMISED LAND / MARY'S PLACE / SHACKLED AND DRAWN / WAITIN' ON A SUNNY DAY / THE GHOST OF TOM JOAD / LONESOME DAY / THE RISING / LIGHT OF DAY / SURPRISE, SURPRISE / THE WALL / BORN TO RUN / BOBBY JEAN / DANCING IN THE DARK / TENTH AVENUE FREEZE-OUT / SHOUT / THUNDER ROAD 

Tour Premiere for 'Be True'.

Springsteen Releases 1984 Meadowlands Show

The latest release from the Bruce Springsteen Live Vault is from the Born in the USA Tour and is the first of the ten night stand at the Meadowlands, New Jersey. It was released this week.
There was a very iffy sounding ten track bootleg floating around for many years of this show so it's great to finally have the full thing. This was the 20th show on the tour.
'Jersey Girl' got its tour debut as the opener to the almost 40 minutes of Encores.

5th August 1984

Setlist
   BORN IN THE U.S.A. / OUT IN THE STREET / TENTH AVENUE FREEZE-OUT / ATLANTIC CITY / JOHNNY 99 / HIGHWAY PATROLMAN / PROVE IT ALL NIGHT / GLORY DAYS / THE PROMISED LAND / USED CARS / MY HOMETOWN / BADLANDS / THUNDER ROAD / HUNGRY HEART / DANCING IN THE DARK / CADILLAC RANCH / SHERRY DARLING / NO SURRENDER / PINK CADILLAC / GROWIN' UP / BOBBY JEAN / BACKSTREETS / ROSALITA (COME OUT TONIGHT) / JERSEY GIRL / JUNGLELAND / BORN TO RUN / DETROIT MEDLEY - TRAVELIN' BAND / TWIST AND SHOUT 

Now Available from Here.

From the Bootleg (thankfully the sound is much better on the new release!):

My Hometown.

Badlands.

Alphabet Beats #128: S is for....Secret Affair

S is for....

Two years prior to the release of the debut album by Secret Affair I had stumbled over Ian Page and Dave Cairns when they were in a band called the New Hearts. They supported The Jam on The Modern World Tour. I remember running down to the record store on the Monday morning after seeing them the night before at the Croydon Greyhound to buy their single 'Just Another Teenage Anthem'. Although they only released a couple of singles before disbanding they were the seed for what was to come for Page and Cairns.

Dennis Smith came over from the power-pop band Advertising to play Bass and add vocals and Seb Shelton arrived from the Young Bucks to provide the backbeat on Drums. Dave Winthrop would join later in '79 providing the Sax sounds. Cairns was on the Guitar and vocals and Page of course was the Lead Vocalist and Trumpet player. Their debut show was supporting The Jam at Reading University in February 1979 and from there they pressed on to become one of the leading voices of the Mod Revival.

Having the trumpet and the sax gave the band a bit of a soulful edge at times as can be evidenced on the debut album with tracks like 'Shake and Shout', 'Don't Look Down', 'One Way World', 'Let Your Heart Dance' 'Sorry Wrong Number' and of course their cover of Smokey and the Miracles classic 'Going To A Go-Go'. Lyrically Page and Cairns were on the ball especially with songs like 'Glory Boys', 'I'm Not Free (But I'm Cheap)', 'Days of Change' and 'New Dance'.

The debut album really should have gone higher on the charts and the follow up 'Behind Closed Doors' is loaded with great tunes as well, not on the soul side like the debut, but tunes like 'My World', 'Sound of Confusion', 'Only Madmen Laugh' and 'When the Show is Over' that demonstrated good progress for the band. Come the time of their final album before splitting the Mod Revival had pretty much run its course and although the album had a few choice tunes (especially 'Lost in the Night' and 'One Day in Your Life' - which should have been the single instead of 'Do You Know' and would probably have given them a higher chart placing) they finished on a bitof a whimper.

Page and Cairns reunited in 2002 and played couple of live shows and finally got into the recording studios to work on a brand new Secret Affair album and put together a brand new band for touring starting in 2009. The album 'Soho Dreams' finally saw the light of day in 2012! Last year Captain Mod Records released a boxset containing all the albums entitled 'Est. 1979'.

The band are out on Tour again and you can check the dates on their Website HERE. 

Click on the links to enjoy the music.

 The Albums

    "Glory Boys" – 1979 – Number 41 

    "Behind Closed Doors" – 1980 – Number 48  

    "Business As Usual" – 1982 – Number 84  

    "Soho Dreams" – 2012

The Singles

    "Time For Action" – 1979 – Number 13
    "Let Your Heart Dance" – 1979 – Number 32
    "My World" – 1980 – Number 16
    "Sound Of Confusion" – 1980 – Number 45
    "Do You Know" – 1981 – Number 57

Alphabet Beats #127: S is for....Status Quo

  S is for...

In almost fifty years Status Quo have released 31 Studio Albums (only the first four albums failed to chart), 6 Live Albums, 9 Compilations and 85 Singles (67 of which charted)! They have racked up more than 170 Million in Album sales alone! For a band so popular you have to wonder why there are haters! Actually I think the haters secretly like them in some small way and cannot but help tap their toes along with a classic Quo tune!

There are periods in the life of Quo that I don't care for too much myself but I have to hand it to them, they just can't seem to stop rocking and just when you think they are down and out for the count they rise up and claim the hearts of the people afresh (their latest work Aquostic: Stripped Bare is total proof of that!).

Prior to the latest project they had spent a couple of years touring as their classic line-up, The Frantic Four, that had existed from 1970 through to 1976 when they added a fifth member on Keyboards, Andy Brown. 

Francis, Alan and John had been playing together since 1962 as The Spectres (and released two singles), changed their name to The Traffic Jam in '67, Rick joined (he had known them since 1964) and they changed it again as not wanting people to confuse they with Steve Winwood's Traffic. They released one single under that name which failed to chart and then changed their name again to The Status Quo. By 1969 they were plain old Status Quo...And the rest as they is history!

Click on the links to enjoy the music. Heads down, air guitars to the ready!

The Music
    Picturesque Matchstickable Messages from the Status Quo (1968)
    Spare Parts (1969)
    Ma Kelly's Greasy Spoon (1970)
    Dog of Two Head (1971)
    Piledriver (1972)
    Hello! (1973)
    Quo (1974)
    On the Level (1975)
    Blue for You (1976)

Live! (1977)
    Rockin' All Over the World (1977)
    If You Can't Stand the Heat (1978)
    Whatever You Want (1979)
    Just Supposin' (1980)

12 Gold Bars (1980)
    Never Too Late (1981)
    1+9+8+2 (1982)
    Back to Back (1983)*

Live at the N.E.C. (1984)
    In The Army Now (1986)
    Ain't Complaining (1988)
    Perfect Remedy (1989)
    Rock 'Til You Drop (1991)

Live Alive Quo (1993)
    Thirsty Work (1994)
    Don't Stop (1996)
    Under The Influence (1999)
    Famous in the Last Century (2000)
    Heavy Traffic (2002)
    Riffs (2003)
    The Party Ain't Over Yet (2005)
    In Search of the Fourth Chord (2007)

Live at the BBC (2010)
    Quid Pro Quo (2011)
    Bula Quo! (2013)

The Frantic Four Reunion (Live at Hammersmith Odeon) (2013)

The Frantic Four's Final Fling - Live at the Dublin O2 Arena (2014)
    Aquostic: Stripped Bare (2014)

Aquostic! Live at the Roundhouse (2015)

*incomplete, link contains a track from the album. 

The Soundtrack4Life Top 20

Status Quo

20. Junior's Wailing.

19. It's Better Now (Acoustic).

18. Paper Plane.

17. Rain.

16. Down the Dustpipe.

15. The Beginning of the End.

14. Rock and Roll (Acoustic).

13. Pictures of Matchstick Men (Acoustic)

12. In My Chair.

11. Rockin' All Over The World.

10. Whatever You Want.

09. Again Again.

08. Roadhouse Blues.

07. Mystery Song.

06. Forty Five Hundred Times.

05. Roll Over Lay Down.

04. Caroline.

03. Wild Side of Life.

02. Down Down.

01. Is There A Better Way.

Alphabet Beats #126: S is for....Small Faces

S is for...

I have said for many years now that The Beatles were never a band that took my fancy. I liked a few songs here and there but that was about it. Four bands though from the Sixties that I personally enjoyed more were The Animals, The Kinks (who were spotlighted when The Letter K was under the spotlight), The Who (and I'm sure they will feature when The Letter W comes up) and the fourth one takes the spotlight today - The Small Faces.

Formed in East London back in 1965 the original line up consisted of Steve Marriot, Ronnie Lane, Kenney Jones, and Jimmy Winston. Winston would be replaced in 1966 by Ian McLagan.

Small Faces are considered to be one of the most influential Mod groups of the 1960's. Releasing memorable hit songs like 'Itchycoo Park', 'Lazy Sunday Afternoon', 'All or Nothing' and Tin Soldier' they were a force to be reckoned with. Their innovative concept album 'Ogdens Nut Gone Flake' is considered a classic. They developed into one of the premier Psychedelic bands before disbanding in 1969.

Once the band had broken up Steve Marriot would go on to form Humble Pie with Peter Frampton whilst the remaining three would team up with guitarist Ronnie Wood and a vocalist called Rod Stewart (both from The Jeff Beck Group), and they renamed themselves The Faces.

The Faces themselves would eventually break up in 1975 (as Rod Stewart had begun to carve out his solo career) and their was a reunion of sorts as 'Itchycoo Park' had been reissued and was making waves in the charts. Any promise of new music was dented when Ronnie Lane departed after the first rehearsal due to an arguement that the band had pervceived as a drunken tantrum but was in fact the beginnings of the symptoms of Multiple Sclerosis!

Rick Wills (ex-Roxy Music) took over bass duties. Two more albums would follow, firstly in 1977 and then the final chapter in 1978 (both on Atlantic Records).  Ex-Wings man Jimmy McCulloch would also join the band in 1977 and contributed to the final album '78 in the Shade'.

The Music
    Small Faces (1966)
    From The Beginning (1967)
    Small Faces (1967)
    Ogdens' Nut Gone Flake (1968)
    The Autumn Stone (1969)*
    Playmates (1977)
    78 in the Shade (1978)

The BBC Sessions (1999)

*Just contains the title track

The Soundtrack4Life Top Ten

Small Faces

10. Come On Children.

09. The Universal.

08. Son of a Baker.

07. Lazy Sunday Afternoon.

06. What'cha Gonna Do About It.

05. Hey Girl.

04. Here Comes the Nice.

03. Itchycoo Park.

02. Tin Soldier.

01. All or Nothing.

Alphabet Beats #125: R is for....Reggae (Part Two)

R is for....

The last shot on The Letter R and as promised yesterday the focus is on my favourite Reggae Singles/Songs. They are in no particular order apart from the first one being my all time favourite, and just as my favourite album is by Dr Alimantado, so is my favourite single.

Pick Up The Rockers - Tapper Zukie.

Pressure Drop - Toots and the Maytals.

Inferiority Complex - Frankie Paul.

Ku Klux Klan - Steel Pulse.

Al Capone - Prince Buster.

Man Next Door - Dennis Brown.

Poor and Needy - Misty in Roots.

Three Piece Suit and Thing -Dillinger.

Uptown Top Ranking - Althea and Donna.

Catch A Fire - Bob Marley and the Wailers.

Dread Beat An' Blood - Linton Kewsi Johnson.

Two Sevens Clash - Culture.

Right Time - The Mighty Diamonds.

Creation Rebel - Burning Spear.

The Israelites - Desmond Dekker and The Aces.

Armagideon Times - Willie Williams.

Jah War - The Ruts.

Johnny Too Bad - The Slickers.

Madam Medusa - UB40.

Love of the Common People - Nicky Thomas.

Small Axe - U-Roy.

Rockers Dub - Augustus Pablo.

Shine Eye Gal - Barrington Levy.

Guess Who's Coming to Dinner - Black Uhuru.

Dread at the Controls - Mikey Dread and Lee Perry.

Mighty Soldier - Ruts DC.

M.P.L.A. - Tapper Zukie.

It Doesn't Make It All Right - Stiff Little Fingers.

 Guns of Brixton - The Clash.

I could easily post double the amount but will leave it at that. Enjoy.

See you tomorrow for The Letter S.

Alphabet Beats #124: R is for....Reggae (Part One)

R is for....

With one more to go tomorrow of our extended trip around The Letter R I couldn't pass up the opportunity to focus upon Reggae Music. Like most genres of Music Reggae also has many sub-genres and maybe in this post you might get to see and hear a few of them.

I've loved Reggae Music for years and one of the first songs I can remember as a kid was 'My Boy Lollipop' by Millie Small. It was actually released a couple of months before my first birthday in 1964. It is considered to be one of the first ever International Ska Hits! One of the things I found out about it a few years back was that it was recorded when Millie was living in Forest Hill, South East London (a place that looms large in my own musical history). Island Records boss Chris Blackwell brought Millie over from Kingston, Jamaica and her fourth single ( a cover of a 1956 American song 'My Boy Lollypop', originally released by Barbie Gaye, a 14 year old singer from Brooklyn, New York.) was to give her a worldwide hit. I cannot claim that I remember the song from the time it came out (that would make me a most remarkable person!), but I do recall hearing it maybe when I was about five or six years old!

When Punk came along in 1976 there were not many records around at first and Reggae Music was a pivitol sound for many of the bands and also the followers of the scene. The Clash of course were probably the first to show how Punk and Reggae could co-exist when on their debut album in 1977 they included a cover of Junior Murvin's 'Police and Thieves' (a song originally released as a Single by Murvin and produced by Lee Perry in 1976). Bob Marley would further cement that by including 'Punky Reggae Party' on the B-Side  of his 1977 hit 'Jamming'(written after hearing The Clash cover Junior Murvin! They even get a name check in the song: "The Wailers will be there, The Damned, The Jam, The Clash – Maytals will be there, Dr. Feelgood too").

As a teenager I was fortunate that my eldest sister was dating a guy who had a huge collection of Reggae Singles and Albums and that came in handy many times! There was also a great shop in Sydenham, South East London that specialized in Reggae that I would often frequent (a place that I also bought a Sex Pistols Bootleg - under the counter of course!).

In the charts a Reggae Single would every now and again hit the big time, and of course for many the only Reggae act they knew was Bob Marley and the Wailers, but there were Singles on the Trojan Records label that were hits also for the likes of Bob and Marcia, Desmond Dekker, John Holt,  and other artists on various labels like Dennis Brown, Althia and Donna, Aswad, Janet Kay, Jimmy Cliff and many more.

I also remember a place in Forest Hill that sold a lot of junk and they had boxes of Singles without sleeves (so scratched up like crazy) that they would sell for ten pence each and it was in that hovel that I can remember finding a whole stack of Singles on the Blue Beat label, especially by Prince Buster (and this was quite a few years before the whole Two Tone Scene erupted!).

Last and not least John Peel was a vital source for listening to Reggae on the radio as was David Rodigan on Radio London and Capital Radio.

"Enough with the talking", I hear you say! Indeed, let's get down to some serious tunes. What follows is a mere selection of firstly my favourite Reggae Albums - 30 of them and then, tomorrow, we will focus on my favouite Reggae songs. They are in no particular order of preference apart from the first one in each section which I deem to be my favourite all-time Album or Song.

On with the show! Click on the links to enjoy the music.

Best Dressed Chicken in Town - Dr Alimantado.

Two Sevens Clash - Culture.

CB200 - Dillinger.

Blackboard Jungle Dub - Lee Perry and the Upsetters.

MPLA - Tapper Zukie.

Hit the Road Jack - Big Youth. 

Police and Thieves - Junior Murvin.

Natty Rebel - U-Roy.

Equal Rights - Peter Tosh.

Jacob "Killer" Miller - Jacob Miller.

Right Time - The Mighty Diamonds.

King Tubby Meets Rockers Uptown - Augustus Pablo.

Forces of Victory - Linton Kwesi Johnson.

African Dub All-Mighty Chapter 1 - Joe Gibbs and the Professionals.

Marcus Garvey - Burning Spear.

Red - Black Uhuru.

The Harder They Come Soundtrack.

Rastaman Vibration - Bob Marley and the Wailers.

Sweet and Dandy - Toots and the Maytals.

Dread at the Controls - Mikey Dread.

1000 Volts of Holt - John Holt.

Black and Dekker - Desmond Dekker.

Handsworth Revolution - Steel Pulse.

New Chapter of Dub - Aswad.

No Man is an Island - Dennis Brown.

Mr Isaacs - Gregory Isaacs.

King of Blue Beat - Prince Buster.

Trench Town Mix Up - The Gladiators.

Ska with Laurel - Laurel Aitken.

Rebirth - Jimmy Cliff.

Alphabet Beats #123: R is for....Raitt as in Bonnie

R is for....

This is dedicated to my good friend

Pauline Woods

Bonnie Raitt (born November 8, 1949) is an American blues singer-songwriter and slide guitar player. During the 1970s, Raitt released a series of roots-influenced albums which incorporated elements of blues, rock, folk and country. In 1989 after several years of critical acclaim but little commercial success she had a major return to form with the release of her album Nick of Time. The following two albums Luck of the Draw (1991) and Longing in Their Hearts (1994) were also multi-million sellers generating several hit singles, including "Something to Talk About", "Love Sneakin' Up On You", and the ballad "I Can't Make You Love Me" (with Bruce Hornsby on piano). Raitt has received 10 Grammy Awards. She is listed as number 50 in Rolling Stone magazine's list of the 100 Greatest Singers of All Time and number 89 on their list of the 100 Greatest Guitarists of All Time.
 

 Click on the links to enjoy the music

The Music
    1971: Bonnie Raitt
    1972: Give It Up
    1973: Takin' My Time
    1974: Streetlights
    1975: Home Plate
    1977: Sweet Forgiveness
    1979: The Glow
    1982: Green Light
    1986: Nine Lives
    1989: Nick of Time
    1991: Luck of the Draw
    1994: Longing in Their Hearts
    1998: Fundamental
    2002: Silver Lining
    2005: Souls Alike

2006: Bonnie Raitt and Friends
    2012: Slipstream.

Promos Videos

 Storm Warning.

Not The Only One. 

Blue For No Reason.

Love Sneakin' Up On You.

Love Letter.

Thing Called Love.

 Burning Down the House.

You.

I Can't Make You Love Me. 

Nick of Time.

One Belief Away.

Right Down the Line.

Live and Other Bits and Pieces

Old Grey Whistle Test Special 1976.

Sweet Home Chicago (In Honor of Buddy Guy).

Oakland Coliseum 31/12/89 (Full Show).

Tennessee Waltz (with Norah Jones).

Love Has No Pride (with Crosby, Stills and Nash).

Dimming of the Day (with Richard Thompson).

I'm in the Mood (with John Lee Hooker).

BBC4 Sessions 2013.

I Wish (with Stevie Wonder). 

Tell It Like It Is (with Greg Allman and Aaron Neville).

Hell To Pay - Boz Scaggs (ft. Bonnie Raitt).

 Do I Ever Cross Your Mind (with Ray Charles).

Blowing Away (with Linda Ronstadt).

Dixie Chicken - Little Feat (ft Emmylou Harris and Bonnie Raitt).

Feels Like Rain (with Buddy Guy).

Night Life (with B.B. King).

Kisses Sweeter Than Wine (with Jackson Browne).

Across the Borderline - Bruce Springsteen (with Bonnie Raitt and Jackson Browne).

You Remain - Willie Nelson and Bonnie Raitt. 

Alphabet Beats #122: R is for....The Rezillos

R is for....

The Rezillos are a punk/new wave band formed in Edinburgh, Scotland, in 1976. Although emerging at the same time as other bands in the punk rock movement, The Rezillos did not share the nihilism or social commentary of their contemporaries, but instead took a more light-hearted approach to their songs, preferring to describe themselves at the time as "a New Wave beat group". Their songs are heavily influenced by 1950s rock and roll, 1960s English beat music and garage rock, early 1970s glam rock, and recurring lyrical themes of science fiction and B movies, influences that mirrored those of US bands The Cramps and the B-52s who were starting out at the same time. The Rezillos' biggest hit in their home country was the UK Top 20 single "Top of the Pops" in 1978, but they are best known outside the UK for their cover version of "Somebody's Gonna Get Their Head Kicked In Tonight", which featured on the soundtrack to Jackass: The Movie in 2002. Since The Rezillos recorded it, the song has been covered by other punk bands, including Youth Brigade and Murphy's Law.

Released in July 1978, The Rezillos' debut studio album Can't Stand the Rezillos is now considered a classic album of the first wave of British punk, but the group split up four months after its release, following internal arguments about their future direction. After The Rezillos split the band's guitarist and principal songwriter Jo Callis briefly joined a couple of unsuccessful Edinburgh post-punk groups, before being invited to join The Human League. He went on to co-write some of The Human League's best known songs during their most successful period, including their biggest worldwide hit, "Don't You Want Me". The Rezillos' vocalists Eugene Reynolds and Fay Fife formed The Revillos, a group with an ever-changing line-up that continued where The Rezillos left off. The Revillos split up in 1985, briefly reforming in 1994 for a tour of Japan, and again in 1996 for a UK tour. In 2001 The Rezillos reformed after being invited to play at Edinburgh's Hogmanay celebrations, and have continued to play live ever since, as well as releasing new singles occasionally and in March 2015 they released a brand spanking new album Zero!

Click on the links to enjoy the sound of The Rezillos.

Contains the Debut Album Can't Stand The Rezillos (1978) and the Live Album Mission Accomplished...But The Beat Goes On (1979).

Can't Stand The Rezillos: The (Almost) Complete Rezillos.

Zero 

(2015 Metropolis Records)

The Singles and B-Sides

Can't Stand My Baby / I Wanna Be Your Man (Sensible Records 1977)

(My Baby Does) Good Sculptures / Flying Saucer Attack (Sire 1977)

Top of the Pops / 20,000 Rezillos Under the Sea (Sire 1978)

Destination Venus / Mystery Action (Sire 1978)

Cold Wars (Live) / Flying Saucer Attack / Twist and Shout (Sire 1979)

No.1 Boy (2009)

Out of this World / Rosalyn (2011)

Top of the Pops (Live) / Yesterday's Tormentor (Live) (2012)

The Rezillos in 2015

Rewind: 2013 - Springsteen's Second Night in Finland Brings A World Debut!

HK Areena

8th May 2013

Turku, Finland

Tonight's concert was an outstanding example of how Bruce can make masterful use of his current album and back catalog to craft a setlist with a strong thematic arc, songs that challenge and reward the audience, while also showcasing the talent and power of his legendary band. This was a show designed to enthrall someone seeing Springsteen for the first or one hundredth time, and Bruce unquestionably succeeded.
- Glenn Radecki (from his review of the show on Backstreets)

I'll Work For Your Love (solo acoustic)
Long Walk Home
The Ties That Bind
Out in the Street
Atlantic City
Wrecking Ball
Death to My Hometown
Hungry Heart
Blinded By the Light
Does This Bus Stop at 82nd Street?
Ain't Good Enough For You
WAGES OF SIN - WORLD PREMIERE*
The River
Youngstown
Murder Incorporated
Johnny 99
Open All Night
Shackled and Drawn
Waitin' on a Sunny Day
Lonesome Day
Badlands
* * *
Racing in the Street
Born in the U.S.A.
Born to Run
Dancing in the Dark
Tenth Avenue Freeze-out
American Land

*Wages of Sin was an Outtake from the Born in the USA Sessions!

WORLD DEBUT

Wages of Sin